Merikogerlased (Sparidae)

Merikogerlased (Sparidae) on kalade sugukond, mis kuulub ahvenaliste (Perciformes) seltsi.

Merikogerlased on pikliku või kõrge, külgedelt pisut kokkusurutud kehaga. Seljauimi on üks, 10-13 ogakiirega ja 10-15 pehmekiirega. Seljauime ogakiiri saab kokku lasta seljal asuvasse vakku. Pärakuuimes on kolm tugevat oga. Eeskaaneluu serv on sirge. Üldiselt tugevate hammaste ehitus on perekonniti väga erinev, sõltuvalt toidust. Hammaste ehitus on sugukonnas peamiseks süstemaatiliseks tunnuseks.

Sugukonda kuulub palju peamiselt troopiliste merekalade perekondi ja liike. Kõige rohkem liike on Atlandi ookeani idaosas, kõige vähem liike India ookeani idaosas ja Vaikses ookeanis.

Merikogerlased elavad eranditult selfi piirides, väljudes harva selle servale. Nende suurus on väga erinev — 10 cm-st kuni 1,5 m-ni. Toitumisviisi järgi kuulub siia tüüpilisi taimtoidulisi, planktontoidulisi ja röövtoidulisi kalu.

Paljud merikogerlased on tähtsad ookeani traalpüügi objektid.

Sugukonda kuulub 125 kalaliiki 37 perekonnast, mis allpool on esitatud internetipõhise andmekogu Fishbase põhjal.

Loendis on toodud kursiivis ladinakeelne liiginimi, boldis inglisekeelne liiginimi (kui on olemas), sulgudes kirjeldaja ning kirjeldusaeg ning seejärel boldis eestikeelne pere- või liiginimi, kui see on olemas.

Perekond Acanthopagrus

Acanthopagrus akazakii (Iwatsuki, Kimura & Yoshino, 2006)

Acanthopagrus australis, yellowfin bream (Gunther, 1859)

Acanthopagrus berda, picnic seabream (Forsskål, 1775)

Acanthopagrus bifasciatus, twobar seabream (Forsskål, 1775)

Acanthopagrus butcheri, southern black bream (Munro, 1949)

Acanthopagrus latus, yellowfin seabream (Houttuyn, 1782)

Acanthopagrus palmaris, northwest black bream (Whitley, 1935)

Acanthopagrus schlegelii czerskii (Berg, 1914)

Acanthopagrus schlegelii schlegelii, black porgy (Bleeker, 1854), ogapagrus

Acanthopagrus sivicolus, Okinawa seabream (Akazaki, 1962)

Acanthopagrus taiwanensis (Iwatsuki & Carpenter, 2006)

Perekond Allotaius

Allotaius spariformis (Ogilby, 1910)

Perekond Archosargus

Archosargus pourtalesii, blackspot porgy (Steindachner, 1881)

Archosargus probatocephalus, sheepshead seabream (Walbaum, 1792)

Archosargus rhomboidalis, western Atlantic seabream (Linnaeus, 1758)

Perekond Argyrops

Argyrops bleekeri, Taiwan tai (Oshima, 1927)

Argyrops filamentosus, soldierbream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Argyrops megalommatus (Klunzinger, 1870)

Argyrops spinifer, king soldierbream (Forsskål, 1775), niitogaahven

Perekond Argyrozona

Argyrozona argyrozona, carpenter seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Perekond Boops, kuldvöötahvenad

Boops boops, bogue (Linnaeus, 1758), suursilm-kuldvöötahven

Boops lineatus, striped boga (Boulenger, 1892)

Perekond Boopsoidea

Boopsoidea inornata, fransmadam (Castelnau, 1861)

Perekond Calamus, porgid

Calamus arctifrons, grass porgy (Goode & Bean, 1882)

Calamus bajonado, jolthead porgy (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

Calamus brachysomus, Pacific porgy (Lockington, 1880)

Calamus calamus, saucereye porgy (Valenciennes, 1830)

Calamus campechanus, Campeche porgy (Randall & Caldwell, 1966)

Calamus cervigoni, spotfin porgy (Randall & Caldwell, 1966)

Calamus leucosteus, whitebone porgy (Jordan & Gilbert, 1885)

Calamus mu, flathead porgy (Randall & Caldwell, 1966)

Calamus nodosus, knobbed porgy (Randall & Caldwell, 1966)

Calamus penna, sheepshead porgy (Valenciennes, 1830)

Calamus pennatula, Pluma porgy (Guichenot, 1868)

Calamus proridens, littlehead porgy (Jordan & Gilbert, 1884)

Calamus taurinus, Galapagos porgy (Jenyns, 1840)

Perekond Cheimerius

Cheimerius matsubarai, hoshierenko (Akazaki, 1962)

Cheimerius nufar, Santer seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Perekond Chrysoblephus

Chrysoblephus anglicus, Englishman seabream (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)

Chrysoblephus cristiceps, daggerhead seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Chrysoblephus gibbiceps, red stumpnose seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Chrysoblephus laticeps, Roman seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Chrysoblephus lophus, false red stumpnose (Fowler, 1925)

Chrysoblephus puniceus, slinger seabream (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)

Perekond Crenidens

Crenidens crenidens, Karenteen seabream (Forsskål, 1775)

Perekond Cymatoceps

Cymatoceps nasutus, Poenskop seabream (Castelnau, 1861)

Perekond Dentex, hammasahvenad

Dentex angolensis, Angola dentex (Poll & Maul, 1953)

Dentex barnardi, Barnard's dentex (Cadenat, 1970)

Dentex canariensis, Canary dentex (Steindachner, 1881)

Dentex congoensis, Congo dentex (Poll, 1954)

Dentex dentex, common dentex (Linnaeus, 1758), harilik hammasahven

Dentex fourmanoiri (Akazaki & Séret, 1999)

Dentex gibbosus, pink dentex (Rafinesque, 1810), roosa hammasahven

Dentex macrophthalmus, large-eye dentex (Bloch, 1791), suursilm-hammasahven

Dentex maroccanus, Morocco dentex (Valenciennes, 1830), maroko hammasahven

Dentex tumifrons, yellowback seabream (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)

Perekond Diplodus, peitelhammasahvenad

Diplodus annularis, annular seabream (Linnaeus, 1758), harilik peitelhammas e laskiir

Diplodus argenteus argenteus, South American silver porgy (Valenciennes, 1830)

Diplodus argenteus caudimacula, silver porgy (Poey, 1860)

Diplodus bellottii, Senegal seabream (Steindachner, 1882)

Diplodus bermudensis, Bermuda porgy (Caldwell, 1965)

Diplodus capensis, Cape white seabream (Smith, 1844)

Diplodus cervinus cervinus, zebra seabream (Lowe, 1838)

Diplodus cervinus hottentotus, zebra (Smith, 1844)

Diplodus cervinus omanensis, Oman porgy (Bauchot & Bianchi, 1984)

Diplodus fasciatus, banded seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Diplodus holbrookii, spottail pinfish (Bean, 1878)

Diplodus noct, Red Sea seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Diplodus prayensis, two-banded seabream (Cadenat, 1964)

Diplodus puntazzo, sharpsnout seabream (Cetti, 1777)

Diplodus sargus sargus, white seabream (Linnaeus, 1758)

Diplodus sargus ascensionis (Valenciennes, 1830)

Diplodus sargus cadenati, Moroccan white seabream (de la Paz, Bauchot & Daget, 1974)

Diplodus sargus helenae, St. Helena white seabream (Sauvage, 1879)

Diplodus sargus kotschyi, one-spot seabream (Steindachner, 1876)

Diplodus sargus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1830)

Diplodus vulgaris, common two-banded seabream (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817)

Perekond Evynnis

Evynnis cardinalis, threadfin porgy (Lacepède, 1802)

Evynnis japonica, crimson seabream (Tanaka, 1931)

Perekond Gymnocrotaphus

Gymnocrotaphus curvidens, janbruin (Günther, 1859)

Perekond Lagodon

Lagodon rhomboides, pinfish (Linnaeus, 1766)

Perekond Lithognathus

Lithognathus aureti, west coast seabream (Smith, 1962)

Lithognathus lithognathus, white steenbras (Cuvier, 1829)

Lithognathus mormyrus, striped seabream (Linnaeus, 1758)

Lithognathus olivieri, steenbras (Penrith & Penrith, 1969)

Perekond Oblada

Oblada melanura, saddled seabream (Linnaeus, 1758)

Perekond Pachymetopon

Pachymetopon aeneum, blue hottentot (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)

Pachymetopon blochii, Hottentot seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Pachymetopon grande, bronze seabream (Günther, 1859)

Perekond Pagellus, besuugod

Pagellus acarne, axillary seabream (Risso, 1827)

Pagellus affinis, Arabian pandora (Boulenger, 1888)

Pagellus bellottii, red pandora (Steindachner, 1882)

Pagellus bogaraveo, blackspot seabream (Brünnich, 1768), besuugo

Pagellus erythrinus, common pandora (Linnaeus, 1758), punane besuugo

Pagellus natalensis, Natal pandora (Steindachner, 1903)

Perekond Pagrus, pagrused

Pagrus africanus, southern common seabream (Akazaki, 1962)

Pagrus auratus, Australasian snapper (Forster, 1801)

Pagrus auriga, redbanded seabream (Valenciennes, 1843), kutsar-pagrus

Pagrus caeruleostictus, bluespotted seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Pagrus major, red seabream (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843), suur pagrus

Pagrus pagrus, common seabream (Linnaeus, 1758), harilik pagrus

Perekond Parargyrops

Parargyrops edita (Tanaka, 1916)

Perekond Petrus

Petrus rupestris, red steenbras (Valenciennes, 1830)

Perekond Polyamblyodon

Polyamblyodon germanum, German seabream (Barnard, 1934)

Polyamblyodon gibbosum, knife-back seabream (Pellegrin, 1914)

Perekond Polysteganus

Polysteganus baissaci, Frenchman seabream (Smith, 1978)

Polysteganus coeruleopunctatus, blueskin seabream (Klunzinger, 1870)

Polysteganus mascarenensis Iwatsuki & Heemstra, 2011

Polysteganus praeorbitalis, Scotsman seabream (Günther, 1859)

Polysteganus undulosus, seventy-four seabream (Regan, 1908)

Perekond Porcostoma

Porcostoma dentata, Dane seabream (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)

Perekond Ptreogymnus

Pterogymnus laniarius, Panga seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Perekond Rhabdosargus

Rhabdosargus globiceps, white stumpnose (Valenciennes, 1830)

Rhabdosargus haffara, Haffara seabream (Forsskål, 1775)

Rhabdosargus holubi, Cape stumpnose (Steindachner, 1881)

Rhabdosargus sarba, tarwhine (Forsskål, 1775)

Rhabdosargus thorpei, bigeye stumpnose (Smith, 1979)

Perekond Sarpa

Sarpa salpa, salema (Linnaeus, 1758)

Perekond Sparidentex

Sparidentex hasta, Sobaity seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Perekond Sparodon

Sparodon durbanensis, musselcracker seabream (Castelnau, 1861)

Perekond Sparus, merikogred

Sparus aurata, gilthead seabream (Linnaeus, 1758), kuld-merikoger, doraado

Perekond Spondyliosoma

Spondyliosoma cantharus, black seabream (Linnaeus, 1758)

Spondyliosoma emarginatum, Steentje seabream (Valenciennes, 1830)

Perekond Stenotomus, skapid

Stenotomus caprinus, longspine porgy (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)

Stenotomus chrysops, scup (Linnaeus, 1766), põhjaskapp

Perekond Virididentex

Virididentex acromegalus, bulldog dentex (Osório, 1911)

Allikad:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparidae
Loomade elu, 4. kd Kalad. Tallinn, 1979

Vaata lisaks:

Besuugod (Pagellus)
Kuldvöötahvenad (Boops)
Pagrused (Pagrus)
Hammasahvenad (Dentex)
Kuld-merikoger ehk doraado (Sparus aurata)
Ahvenalised (Perciformes)